Diagram of an Amino Acid Peptide Bond Formation Poster

As both the amine and carboxylic acid groups of amino acids can react to form amide bonds, one amino acid molecule can react with another and become joined through an amide linkage. This polymerisation of amino acids is what creates proteins. This condensation reaction yields the newly formed peptide bond and a molecule of water. In cells, this reaction does not occur directly; instead the amino acid is first activated by attachment to a transfer RNA molecule through an ester bond. This aminoacyl-tRNA is produced in an ATP-dependant reaction carried out by an aminoacyl tRNA synthetase. This aminoacyl-tRNA is then a substrate for the ribosome, which catalyses the attack of the amino group of the elongating protein chain on the ester bond. As a result of this mechanism, all proteins made by ribosomes are synthesized starting at their N-terminus and moving towards their C-terminus. Image reproduction rights can be found in the link near the bottom of this description. Sign up to Mr. Rebates for FREE and save 12% on any zazzle order in addition to a $5.00 sign up bonus All Rights Reserved; without: prejudice, recourse or notice (U.C.C. 1-308) Image Reproduction Rights: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Peptidformationball.svg "peptide bond" peptide "amino acid" "peptide bond formation" "amide bonds" "amide linkage" protein "protein creation" polymerisation "amine acid" "carboxylic acid" rna trna atp "aminoacyl-tRNA" aminoacyl "tRNA synthetase" "n-terminus" "c-terminus" dipeptide chemistry chemical biochemical biochemistry "chemical chart" "chemical diagram" "peptide chart" "peptide diagram" "chemistry chart" "chemistry diagram" biology science "science chart" "science diagram" "amino acid chart" "amino acid diagram" "peptide bond chart" "peptide bond diagram" "school chart" "school diagram"