New York City Hall 1765 Metal Tree Decoration

The Stamp Act Congress of 1765 was a historic gathering of colonial representatives that played a pivotal role in the lead-up to the American Revolution. Held in New York City from October 7 to 25, 1765, this congress brought together delegates from nine of the thirteen American colonies in response to the British Parliament's passage of the Stamp Act earlier that year. The Stamp Act imposed direct taxes on various printed materials in the colonies, including newspapers, legal documents, and playing cards, by requiring them to bear an official stamp, without the consent of the colonial legislatures. This act marked one of the first instances in which the British government attempted to impose direct taxes on the American colonies, sparking widespread outrage and resistance among colonists who saw it as a violation of their rights. During the Stamp Act Congress, delegates such as James Otis, John Dickinson, and Timothy Ruggles met at New York City's City Hall, also known as the Federal Hall, to discuss their grievances and formulate a unified response. The congress resulted in the drafting of a petition to King George III and a Declaration of Rights and Grievances. These documents asserted the colonists' rights as English subjects, arguing that they could not be taxed without their consent, which was typically granted through their own colonial legislatures. The Stamp Act Congress, therefore, became a symbol of colonial unity and the growing resistance to British taxation policies. It laid the groundwork for future intercolonial cooperation and set the stage for events that would eventually lead to the American Revolution and the quest for independence from British rule.