Space Capsule - retro style T-Shirt

A space capsule is an often manned spacecraft which has a simple shape for the main section, without any wings or other features to create lift during atmospheric reentry. Capsules have been used in most of the manned space programs to date, including the world's first Vostok and Mercury manned spacecraft, as well as in later Soviet Voskhod, Soyuz, Zond/L1, L3, TKS, US Gemini, Apollo, Chinese Shenzhou and US, Russian and Indian manned spacecraft currently being developed. Space capsules have typically been smaller than 5 metres in diameter, although there is no engineering limit to larger sizes. As the capsule is both volumetrically efficient and structurally strong, it is typically possible to construct small capsules of performance comparable in all but lift-to-drag ratio to a lifting body or delta wing form for less cost. This has been especially pronounced in the case of the Soyuz manned spacecraft. Most space capsules have used an ablative heat shield for reentry and been non-reusable. The Crew Exploration Vehicle appear likely, as of December 2005, to be a ten-times reusable capsule with a replaceable ablative shield. There is no limit, save for lack of engineering experience, on using high-temperature ceramic tiles or ultra-high temperature ceramic sheets on space capsules. Early space capsules were based on the designs of the late Maxime Faget and many Soviet engineers working under Sergei Korolev. Before humans went into space, test orbital and suborbital flights of space capsules were made with monkeys, dogs and mice. These were to see what effects a flight in space would have on a living organism. In 1957, Russia sent into orbit the first animal (dog) in Sputnik 2 but without recovery of space capsule to Earth. This was followed by other animal missions of developed as manned Vostok spacecraft (first successful was Sputnik 5 in 1960), until Russian Cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin made a first manned orbital flight of Earth in 108 minutes on April 12, 1961. The first American to orbit Earth was in February 1962 astronaut John Glenn in the Mercury capsule that previously was tested as unmanned and made manned suborbital missions (first of Alan Shepard on May 1961). Later, the Gemini capsule took two astronauts into space for longer periods of time. The Apollo capsule took three astronauts to the moon, and the Lunar Module took two of them to the surface. The Soviet Voskhod space capsule has taken up to three cosmonauts into orbit per mission